Informatics Publishing Limited

S. Barsode ¹, A. Diwan ², S. Chaudhary ², A. Vora ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Medical College and Bharati Hospital, Pune, 411002, IN
2 Department of Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Medical College and Bharati Hospital, Pune, IN

Abstract

This prospective study was undertaken in 40 patients of hypertension in the age group of 18 - 40 years, randomly selected from the in and outdoor patient department over a period of two years. The aim was to study the clinical profile, associated risk factors, assess the target organ damage and identify the causes of hypertension in young adults.

In conclusion a definite male preponderance with a male to female ratio of 1.35:1, especially stage II hypertension. 77.5% patients showed target organ damage in the present study (Hypertensive retinopathy), incidence of LVH was seen in 40%. The commonest cause of secondary hypertension observed was renal parenchymal disease (44.44%). The relative possibility of the hypertension being secondary was increased, which had a distinct possibility of cure.

Keywords

Secondary Hypertension, Young Adults, Risk Factors, Target Organ Damage.

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K. Krishna ¹, A. Oswal ², A. Vora ², S. Jagtap ², V. Chavan ², N. Thangjam ², S. Pawar ²

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, IN
2 Dept, of Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Valproic acid is used either as monotherapy or in combination with other anticonvulsants for the treatment of simple, mixed and complex partial seizures, myoclonic seizure, generalised tonic- clonic seizure, acute manic episodes in bipolar disorder, and for prophylaxis of migraine headaches. The association of sodium valproate and pancreatitis is sometimes referred to as idiosyncratic as pancreatitis can develop after 1 week to 8 years of exposure to sodium valproate. We report a case of 39 year old male known case of seizure disorder presenting with recurrent episodes of epigatrium and right hypochondrium abdominal pain associated with vomiting over a period of 4 years. After excluding other causes of pancreatitis, a diagnosis of valproate induced necrotising pancreatitis was established.

Keywords

Valproic Acid, Pancreatitis.

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A. Rosencranz ¹, P. Modi ¹, S. Parab ¹, A. Vora ¹

Affiliations
1 Jindal Global University, Sonipat Narela Road, Sonipat, Haryana 131 001, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Next to nuclear annihilation, climate change poses the greatest threat to life as we know it. Climate refugees are becoming a reality and it is expected that by 2050 most of the Pacific Islands will be under water. Forward-thinking nations have made it their agenda to curb the effects of climate change and ensure the reduction in emissions of greenhouse gases.¹ To effectively combat climate change, the deployment of clean energy technologies to combat the effect of carbon emissions from fossil fuelshas been the tool of choice.² Accelerated development and deployment of these clean energy technologies is imperative. The public and private sectors must boost the creation and distribution of clean as well as environmentally sound technologies – something along the magnitude and scale of the space race during the cold war. Addressing the threats posed by climate change requires a portfolio of processes such as extensive introduction of new technologies and modification of existing technologies while also creating optimum environments. The role of intellectual property³ pertaining to clean energy technologies becomes of utmost importance. The patent regime, by its very nature, can either be seen as a hindrance or an incentive for the development of new technology.⁴ This means that an argument can be raised that patents would hinder climate change mitigations as clean technology is patented and licensing it would prove costly. On the other hand, patents will incentivize innovation and therefore lead to advanced technologies to combat climate change.⁴ The paper, refutes the former and argues that patents are essential and rebut the presumption that patents will increase prices. The paper explains, with examples, how the holy trinity of patent pools, patent databases and compulsory licensing will help make the clean energy technology competitive and accessible. The future and the applicability of fair, reasonable and nondiscriminatory (FRAND) licensing to standardised clean energy technology are also discussed. The paper is concluded with an affirmation that patents are the answer to climate change.

Keywords

TRIPS Agreement, World Intellectual Property Organization, RE100, FRAND Licensing, Greenhouse Gases, Clean Energy Technologies, Climate Mitigation, Intellectual Property Rights, Pharmaceutical Industry, Patent Pool, Patent Databases, Compulsory Licensing.

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